sample mengambil sampel dengan ukuran tertentu dari elemen x dengan menggunakan atau tanpa pengembalian.
sample(x, size, replace = FALSE, prob = NULL)<p></p><p>sample.int(n, size = n, replace = FALSE, prob = NULL,
useHash = (!replace && is.null(prob) && size <= 2="" n="" &&=""> 1e7))</=></p>
| Parameter | Deskripsi |
|---|---|
x |
either a vector of one or more elements from which to choose, or a positive integer. See ‘Details.’ |
n |
a positive number, the number of items to choose from. See ‘Details.’ |
size |
a non-negative integer giving the number of items to choose. |
replace |
should sampling be with replacement? |
prob |
a vector of probability weights for obtaining the elements of the vector being sampled. |
useHash |
logical indicating if the hash-version of the algorithm should be used. Can only be used for replace = FALSE, prob = NULL, and size <= n/2, and really should be used for large n, as useHash=FALSE will use memory proportional to n. |
# NOT RUN {
x <- 1:12
# a random permutation
sample(x)
# bootstrap resampling -- only if length(x) > 1 !
sample(x, replace = TRUE)
# 100 Bernoulli trials
sample(c(0,1), 100, replace = TRUE)
## More careful bootstrapping -- Consider this when using sample()
## programmatically (i.e., in your function or simulation)!
# sample()'s surprise -- example
x <- 1:10
sample(x[x > 8]) # length 2
sample(x[x > 9]) # oops -- length 10!
sample(x[x > 10]) # length 0
## safer version:
resample <- function(x, ...) x[sample.int(length(x), ...)]
resample(x[x > 8]) # length 2
resample(x[x > 9]) # length 1
resample(x[x > 10]) # length 0
## R 3.x.y only
sample.int(1e10, 12, replace = TRUE)
sample.int(1e10, 12) # not that there is much chance of duplicates
# }